CHAPTER 5 : ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES THAT SUPPORT STRATEGIC INITIATIVES.
IT Roles and Responsibilities
There are 5 important roles in IT department.
1. Chief information officer (CIO), its responsible for overseeing all uses of IT and ensuring the strategic alignment of IT with business goals and objectives. The CIO often reports directly to the CEO. CIO must be concerned with more than IT. Broad functions of CIO include:
- Manager - Ensure the delivery of all IT projects on time and within budget.
- Leader - Ensure the strategic vision of IT is in line with the strategic vision of the organization.
- Communication - Advocate and communicate the IT strategy by building and maintaining strong executive relationships.
2. Chief technology officer (CTO) is responsible for ensuring the throughput, speed, accuracy, availability, and reliability of an organization's information technology. CTOs similarto CIOs but except that CIOs responsib for effectiveness of ensuring that IT is aligned with the organization's strategic initiatives. CTOs have direct responsible for ensuring the efficiency of IT systems throughput the organization. CTOs possess well-rounded knowledge of all aspects of IT, including hardware, software, and telecommunications.
3. Chief Security officer (CSO) responsible for ensuring the security of IT systems and developing strategies and IT safeguards against attacks from hackers and viruses. If there are no CSO, many hackers easy to hacks the website and collect the data from the website.
4. Chief privacy officer (CPO) is responsible foe ensuring the ethical and legal use of information within an organization. CPOs are the newest senior executive position in IT. Many CPOs are lawyers by training, enabling them to understand the often complex legal issues surrounding the use of information.
5. Chief knowledge officer (CKO) is responsible for collecting, maintaining, and distributing the organization's knowledge. The CKO design programs and systems that make it easy for people to reuse the knowledge. These systems create repositories of organizational documents, methodologies, tools and practices, and they establish methods for filtering the information. The CKO must continuously encourage employee contributions to keep the systems up-to-date.
The Gap between Business Personnel and IT Personnel
One of the greatest challenges today is effective communication between business personnel and IT personnel. Business personnel posses expertise in functional areas such as marketing, accounting, sales, and so forth. IT personnel have the technological expertise. Effective communication between business and IT personnel should be a two-way street with each side making the effort to better understand the other (including through written and oral communication).
Improving communications - Business personnel must seek to increase their understanding of IT. Although they do not need to know every technical detail, it will benefit their careers to understand what they can and cannot accomplish using IT. Business managers and leaders should read business-oriented IT magazines, such as Information-Week and CIO, to increase their IT knowledge.
Organizational Fundamentals-Ethics And Security
organizations must base their businesses on. Such events as the Enron and Bernie Madoff scandals along with 9/11 have shed new light on the meaning of ethics and security.
Ethics
The ethical issues surrounding copyright infringement and intellectual property rights are consuming the ebusiness world. Advances in technology make it easier and easier for people to copy everything from music to pictures. Technology poses new challenges for our ethics- the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people.
In today's electronic, privacy has become a major ethical issue. Privacy is the right to be left alone when you want to be, to have control over your own personal possessions, and to not be observed without your consent.
Security-How Much Will Downtime Cost Your Business?
The old business axiom "time is money" needs to be updated to more accurately reflect the crucial interdependence between IT and business processes. To reflect the times, the phrase should be "uptime is money". The leading cause of downtime is a software failure followed by human error, according to Infonetics research. Unplanned downtime can strike at any time from any number of causes, ranging from tornadoes to sink overflows to network failures to power outages.
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